This document, authored by the Pan American Health Organization, discusses the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of ethnic health disparities and intercultural approaches to pandemic mitigation. The document provides an overview of COVID-19 impacts on indigenous communities in the Americas, as well as numerous recommendations for governments. Such recommendations involve the inclusion of ethnicity as a variable in health registries, the implementation of multicultural health approaches, and the promotion of intersectoral action to tackle the social determinants of health that affect COVID-19 prevention among vulnerable groups.